On the Inconstancy of Witches: Pierre de Lancre's Tableau de l'inconstance des mauvais anges et demons (1612)

The demonology Tableau de linconstance des mauvais anges et demons (1612) is an important text in the history of the early modern European witch persecutions (sixteenth and seventeenth centuries). It is a report of the authors four-month stay in the Labourd (Basque) region of France, which is situated in the extreme southwest corner bordering Spain and Navarre. De Lancre was there as a member of a royal commission empowered to cleanse the region of witches. This narrative is based on his own experiences and trial records now lost. This text contains one of the most detailed accounts of the witches Sabbath that survives. An ethnologist before his time, de Lancre gives an expert and meticulous account of the Basque people, their lives, their culture, and their alleged easy commerce with Satan and bad angels. The text was translated into German in a truncated version in 1630, but has never until now been rendered into English.